Showing 5 results for Hosseini
Bita Solahae Kahnamouii , Azam Mivefroshan, Leila Ravanyar, Rana Hosseini,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (April 2023)
Abstract
Background & Aims: Chronic kidney disease (CKD), mainly its final stage, known as end-stage renal disease (ESRD), is one of the major challenges for the healthcare system in Iran, and deserves more reflections. Against this background, the present study aimed to elucidate the epidemiology of ESRD among the patients, undergoing permanent treatment, admitted to the hemodialysis (HD) wards of the selected hospitals in Urmia, Iran.
Materials & Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, using the census method for sampling, we investigated patients experiencing permanent treatment and admitted to the HD wards of the selected hospitals in Urmia, Iran, from October 2020 to March 2021. The criteria for entering the study are the availability of medical record and ESRD cases. On the other hand, the cases receiving intermittent HD were excluded. Furthermore, a checklist was utilized to collect the required data.
Results: The ESRD patients' mean age was 60.63. Also, 59.6% of the cases were male, and the rest (40.4%) was female. Besides, 54.7% of these patients had degrees below high school diplomas, and 72.8% was living in urban areas. The most frequently occurring blood type was O, and the majority of the patients were the Rhesus positive. The average level of serum creatinine was also 20.7 mg/dL. Moreover, the most common underlying diseases were hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM), respectively.
Conclusion: The study findings revealed that monitoring and controlling chronic diseases, such as HTN and DM, as well as raising more awareness among the patients with low literacy, could significantly contribute to managing CKD and its progress.
Mohammad Khajedaluee, Maryam Salehi, Rana Hosseini, Leila Ravanyar, Maryam Babazadeh,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (July 2023)
Abstract
Background & Aims: AIDS is a disease for which there is currently no effective vaccine and basic treatment, the only way to fight AIDS is to prevent infection, which is possible with health education. This study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effect of two types of AIDS prevention, educational interventions by peer and adult groups on awareness and behavior among high school students in Mashhad.
Materials & Methods: This interventional study was performed to compare two methods of education via peers against education by adults about awareness towards HIV/AIDS among high school students of Mashhad city in 2014- 2015. The studied groups included three groups of peer education, adult education, and control. Examining the level of knowledge and attitude of the subject was conducted through a questionnaire of the designated researcher, whose validity and reliability were tested again in a pilot.
Results: The initial awareness of students was evaluated at about 28%. The most important source of information was television. In enhancing the level of awareness post-intervention in different areas of the peer and adult intervention groups, there was significant difference compared to the control. However, no significant difference was found between the two genders when comparing the peer and adult groups.
Conclusion: The peers' good understanding of the social and cultural environment of the target group would improve social norms and healthy behaviors, which are among the advantages of this method. The results can be used for the educational planning of students because it shows the level of knowledge of students at the pre-university level and the educational needs of students for appropriate educational planning.
Maedeh Rezaie , Fereshteh Sadat Hosseinian Ghamsari, Aliakbar Rasekhi , Abbas Hajifathali ,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (January 2024)
Abstract
Background & Aims: Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a curative treatment for various hematological malignancies. In standard survival models, the possibility of a cure has not been considered. Mixture cure models, which account for the possibility of a cure, can provide valuable insights into patient outcomes. The purpose of this study was to apply a smooth semi-nonparametric analysis for the mixture cure model to determine risk factors for survival and effective factors for the cure in bone marrow transplant patients.
Materials & Methods: Data from BMT patients treated at Taleghani Hospital in Tehran were analyzed using a Weibull mixture cure model and an accelerated failure time mixture cure (AFTMC) model with an exponential kernel. The goodness-of-fit of each model was assessed using Akaike's information criterion (AIC).
Results: The Weibull mixture cure model indicated that non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and acute leukemia were significantly associated with time to death. Age, recurrence after transplant, and hemoglobin levels were associated with the cure probability. The AFTMC model confirmed the prognostic effects of age, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and acute leukemia on time to death and further revealed that age and recurrence after transplant also influenced the cure probability.
Conclusion: The smooth semi-nonparametric approach to mixture cure models provides a comprehensive analysis of BMT patient outcomes, identifying both prognostic and curative factors. This information can guide treatment decisions and improve patient survival.
Rana Hosseini , Robabeh Bahadori , Mina Maheri , Mehran Mirzaei , Vida Cheshmberah ,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (January 2024)
Abstract
Background & Aims: Observing public health protocols for COVID-19 has been documented as one of the key strategies to prevent the spread of this contagious condition and mitigate its impact. The present study investigated public participation in terms of adopting preventive health behaviors during this pandemic.
Materials & Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in the city of Urmia, Iran, in 2020. Two statistical populations, viz., the general population and public places, were recruited. Employing the ratio estimate formula, the sample size of the general population was determined as 2,398 individuals. Additionally, eight public places were selected from the 30 neighborhoods in the city of Urmia, via convenience sampling. The data collection tool was a researcher-made 47-item questionnaire, whose face and content validity and reliability were confirmed. The questionnaire was then completed upon visiting the selected public places in person by naturalistic concealed observation. The data were finally analyzed using the SPSS Statistics-16, with descriptive statistics.
Results: Face mask use was at a good level in seven public places, except for restaurants and diners. Also, social distancing practices were at a moderate level in bakeries, electronic government services offices, beauty salons, public transport vehicles, and banks.
Conclusion: Based on the results, there is a dire need to strengthen and maintain public participation by paving the ground through running advertising campaigns, designing and implementing educational interventions for various trade guilds and jobs, conducting advisory activities, and exploiting social media to inform and train the general population.
Javad Rasouli , Arzoo Hosseini , Vahid Alinejad ,
Volume 3, Issue 3 (July 2024)
Abstract
Background & Aims: Cardiovascular diseases are among the most important causes of death worldwide. The present study aimed to evaluate the trend of changes in the death rate due to cardiovascular diseases, with an emphasis on short- and long-term effective variables.
Materials & Methods: In this descriptive-analytical (time series) study, all deaths due to cardiovascular diseases registered in the health registration system of death cases by the Health Vice-Chancellor of Urmia University of Medical Sciences from 2018 to 2021 were analyzed. A total of 27,146 cases of death due to cardiovascular causes were recorded and included in our study. SPSS, Minitab, and SAS software were utilized for data analysis.
Results: The rate of death due to cardiovascular causes in this study was 30.51% during the investigated period. The univariate time series model (ARMA 1, 2) was deemed the most suitable fit model for cardiovascular death data. Also, age and education were identified as effective factors in the rate of cardiovascular deaths.
Conclusion: The trend of cardiovascular deaths has not been rising. It has increased with age and lower education levels over time. This rate has been further exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic.
