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fa The epidemiological study of end-stage renal disease among patients admitted to hemodialysis wards of Ayatollah Taleghani and Imam Khomeini hospitals in Urmia city of Iran, in the 2020's second half تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research Article Background & Aims: Chronic kidney disease (CKD), mainly its final stage, known as end-stage renal disease (ESRD), is one of the major challenges for the healthcare system in Iran, and deserves more reflections. Against this background, the present study aimed to elucidate the epidemiology of ESRD among the patients, undergoing permanent treatment, admitted to the hemodialysis (HD) wards of the selected hospitals in Urmia, Iran. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, using the census method for sampling, we investigated patients experiencing permanent treatment and admitted to the HD wards of the selected hospitals in Urmia, Iran, from October 2020 to March 2021. The criteria for entering the study are the availability of medical record and ESRD cases. On the other hand, the cases receiving intermittent HD were excluded. Furthermore, a checklist was utilized to collect the required data. Results: The ESRD patients' mean age was 60.63. Also, 59.6% of the cases were male, and the rest (40.4%) was female. Besides, 54.7% of these patients had degrees below high school diplomas, and 72.8% was living in urban areas. The most frequently occurring blood type was O, and the majority of the patients were the Rhesus positive. The average level of serum creatinine was also 20.7 mg/dL. Moreover, the most common underlying diseases were hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM), respectively. Conclusion: The study findings revealed that monitoring and controlling chronic diseases, such as HTN and DM, as well as raising more awareness among the patients with low literacy, could significantly contribute to managing CKD and its progress. Chronic Kidney Disease, End-Stage Renal Disease, Epidemiology, Hemodialysis 73 79 http://hsm.umsu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-92-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Bita Solahae Kahnamouii 10031947532846001416 1111-1111-1111-1111 No Department of Community Medicine, Fculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Azam Mivefroshan 10031947532846001417 10031947532846001417 No Department of Internal Medicine, Fculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Leila Ravanyar 10031947532846001418 10031947532846001418 No Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Rana Hosseini hosseini.r@umsu.ac.ir 10031947532846001419 10031947532846001419 Yes Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran