en ارتقای سلامت، پیشگیری و کنترل بیماری‌ ها Health Promotion, Protection, and Disease Control پژوهشي Research Article <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:115%"><b><span new="" roman="" times="">Background</span></b><span new="" roman="" times=""> The Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome, characterized by the translocation t(9;22)(q34;q11), is found in 90&ndash;95% of individuals diagnosed with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) and in 0.1 - 3% of those with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). The detection of chromosomal abnormalities plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and management of hematological disorders. The present study aimed to perform molecular genetic characterization of Ph in patients with CML in the north-west of Iran.</span></span><br> <span style="line-height:115%"><b><span new="" roman="" times="">Methods</span></b><span new="" roman="" times=""> A total of 45 new cases of adult patients with CML were studied at the Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital. The Ph chromosome was detected using simple multiplex RT-PCR methods.</span></span><br> <span style="line-height:115%"><b><span new="" roman="" times="">Results</span></b><span new="" roman="" times=""> We studied 45 patients with a mean age of 55.03 &plusmn; 21.56, including 23 (51.1%) males and 22 (48.9%) females. The frequencies of b2a2, b3a3, b3a3/b3a2, b3a2, and e1a2 transcripts were 46.71%, 24.4%, 6.67%, 2.22%, 2.22%, respectively. BCR&ndash;ABL typical transcripts were not found in the rest of our patients.</span></span><br> <b><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" times="">Conclusion</span></span></b><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" times=""> Our findings revealed that the b2a2 transcript was the most common among CML patients, while patients carrying the b3a2 transcript demonstrated better molecular responses to standard-dose imatinib. The identification of transcript types not only supports diagnosis but also guides targeted therapy and long-term monitoring. Furthermore, emerging strategies combining TKIs with novel therapeutic agents may offer promising alternatives for resistant CML cases.</span></span></span></span></p> BCR–ABL, CML, Multiplex RT-PCR, Philadelphia chromosome 207 211 http://hsm.umsu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-115-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Rahim Asghari rahimasghari@gmail.com 10031947532846004216 10031947532846004216 No Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Salar Mahmoudi-Nejad salarmahmudinejad33@gmail.com 10031947532846004217 10031947532846004217 No Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Sara Vazifeshenas sarah.vazifeshenas75@gmail.com 10031947532846004218 10031947532846004218 No Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Isa Abdi Rad isaabdirad@yahoo.com 10031947532846004219 10031947532846004219 No Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Morteza Bagheri mortezabagheri@umsu.ac.ir 10031947532846004220 10031947532846004220 Yes Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran