en ارتقای سلامت، پیشگیری و کنترل بیماری‌ ها Health Promotion, Protection, and Disease Control پژوهشي Research Article <div><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:16.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><i><span style="font-size:9.0pt">Background & Aims</span></i></b><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt">: </span></b>&nbsp;<span style="font-size:9.0pt">Glycemic control&nbsp;is very important to prevent or suspend complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (PT2D). The aim of this study was to investigate the status of glycemic control and its related factors in patients with type 2 diabetes (PT2D) based on HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, and non-fasting blood glucose levels in Golestan Province, Northern Iran.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:16.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><i><span style="font-size:9.0pt">Materials & Methods</span></i></b><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt">:</span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"> The study employed a retrospective cohort design, collecting data longitudinally and retrospectively from 500 patients with type 2 diabetes (PT2D) who were&nbsp;referred to health centers in Golestan Province between 2013 and 2016 (every three months). The study focused on hbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and non-fasting blood glucose (NFBG) levels, which were recorded as binary data (1 = abnormal; if the value exceeded its cut point), indicating a lack of control over these markers. The Index of Glycemic Control (IGC) was calculated for each patient, with an IGC of 3 indicating inadequate glycemic control. Related factors were analyzed using a generalized linear mixed model with a beta-binomial distribution. </span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:16.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><i><span style="font-size:9.0pt">Results</span></i></b><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt">:</span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"> The results indicated that 93% of patients had an Index of Glycemic Control (IGC) equal to 3 in the first year, and this percentage decreased to 60.7% by the third year. The downward trend in IGC was gradual over the three years. Factors contributing to poor glycemic control included younger age, shorter duration of diabetes care, elevated blood lipid levels, high blood pressure, insulin therapy, and overweight or obesity as indicated by BMI. </span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:16.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><i><span style="font-size:9.0pt">Conclusion</span></i></b><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt">: </span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt">The results obtained from the samples in Golestan Province indicate inadequate blood glucose control and poor quality of care. It is essential to implement more intensive diabetes management strategies within national healthcare plans.</span></span></span></span></div> Blood pressure, BMI, Fasting blood glucose, Generalized Linear Mixed Models, HbA1c, Long-Term Care, Overdispersion 358 367 http://hsm.umsu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-127-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Samaneh Hosseinzadeh hoseinzadeh.sam@gmail.com 10031947532846003073 10031947532846003073 No Department of Biostatistics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran Saeideh Davar saeidedavar@gmail.com 10031947532846003074 10031947532846003074 Yes Department of Epidemiology Biostatistics, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran