<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<journal>
<title>Health Science Monitor</title>
<title_fa>Health Science Monitor</title_fa>
<short_title>Health Science Monitor</short_title>
<subject>Basic Sciences</subject>
<web_url>http://hsm.umsu.ac.ir</web_url>
<journal_hbi_system_id>1</journal_hbi_system_id>
<journal_hbi_system_user>admin</journal_hbi_system_user>
<journal_id_issn></journal_id_issn>
<journal_id_issn_online>2980-8723</journal_id_issn_online>
<journal_id_pii>8</journal_id_pii>
<journal_id_doi>10.61882/hsm</journal_id_doi>
<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
<journal_id_sid>14</journal_id_sid>
<journal_id_nlai>9104634</journal_id_nlai>
<journal_id_science>13</journal_id_science>
<language>en</language>
<pubdate>
	<type>jalali</type>
	<year>1402</year>
	<month>5</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<pubdate>
	<type>gregorian</type>
	<year>2023</year>
	<month>8</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<volume>2</volume>
<number>3</number>
<publish_type>online</publish_type>
<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
<articleset>
	<article>


	<language>en</language>
	<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
	<title_fa></title_fa>
	<title>Design and evaluation of a multi-epitope vaccine for COVID-19: an in silico approach</title>
	<subject_fa>Advanced Sciences and Technologies in Public Health</subject_fa>
	<subject>Advanced Sciences and Technologies in Public Health</subject>
	<content_type_fa>پژوهشي</content_type_fa>
	<content_type>Research Article</content_type>
	<abstract_fa></abstract_fa>
	<abstract>&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:12pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:16.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; roman=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;Background &amp; Aims&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;Corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) is an evolving global disease which has burst into 2019. SARS-CoV-2 infects human cells through recognition of and binding to angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) through the spike (S) glycoprotein. Spike is an immunogenic protein that can elicit immune responses. Multi-epitope vaccines are novel and efficient class of vaccines which are designed by linking the B and T cells. These epitopes stimulate both humoral and cellular immunity. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:12pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:16.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; roman=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;Materials &amp; Methods&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt; Based on bioinformatics online tools, appropriate epitopes of S protein were selected, linked together via suitable linkers, a TLR4 binding adjuvant was added, and a multi-epitope construct was constructed. The 3D model of the construct was predicted, refined, and validated. The antigenicity, allergenicity, solubility, and physico-chemical properties of vaccine were checked. The B cell conformational epitopes and IFN-&amp;gamma; inducing parts were detected. The adjuvant and TLR4 binding were evaluated by docking and protein-protein complex stability was assessed by elastic-mode analysis. The coding sequence of the vaccine construct was optimized and sub-cloned in expression vector through an &lt;i&gt;in silico&lt;/i&gt; approach. Finally, the structure, energy, and stability of vaccine coding mRNA were evaluated. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:12pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:16.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; roman=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;Results&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt; Ten continuous B cell epitopes, 9 T helper epitopes, and 8 CTL epitopes were chosen. The results showed that multi-epitope vaccine is a stable and soluble protein which can stimulate humoral and cellular immunity. Besides, the vaccine could stimulate immunity without inducing allergenicity in human body. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:12pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:16.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; roman=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;Conclusion&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;Finally, the vaccine can bind the TLR4 appropriately and can be expressed by a recombinant vector. The designed multi-epitope vaccine against COVID-19 could be considered as a suitable candidate for experimental studies.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:12pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:16.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; roman=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&amp;nbsp;</abstract>
	<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
	<keyword>Bioinformatics, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Spike glycoprotein, Vaccine</keyword>
	<start_page>180</start_page>
	<end_page>204</end_page>
	<web_url>http://hsm.umsu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-83-2&amp;slc_lang=en&amp;sid=1</web_url>


<author_list>
	<author>
	<first_name>Mehdi </first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Tourani</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email>medical.biotechnology2@yahoo.com</email>
	<code>10031947532846001721</code>
	<orcid>10031947532846001721</orcid>
	<coreauthor>Yes
</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Sadra </first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Samavarchi Tehrani </last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email>medical.biotechnology3@yahoo.com</email>
	<code>10031947532846001722</code>
	<orcid>10031947532846001722</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Ahmad </first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Movahedpour</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email>ahmad.movahed14@gmail.com</email>
	<code>10031947532846001723</code>
	<orcid>10031947532846001723</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Sahar </first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Rezaei Arablouydareh</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email>saharrezaei1475504@gmail.com</email>
	<code>10031947532846001724</code>
	<orcid>10031947532846001724</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Reproductive Health Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran (First Corresponding Author)</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Amir </first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Maleksabet</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email>maleksabet.amir@yahoo.com</email>
	<code>10031947532846001725</code>
	<orcid>10031947532846001725</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Amir </first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Savardashtaki</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email>medical.biotechnology4@yahoo.com</email>
	<code>10031947532846001726</code>
	<orcid>10031947532846001726</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Hojat </first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Ghasemnejad‐Berenji</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email>h_ghasem_nejad@yahoo.com</email>
	<code>10031947532846001727</code>
	<orcid>10031947532846001727</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Reproductive Health Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran (First Corresponding Author)</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Mortaza</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name> Taheri-Anganeh</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email>mortazataheri@yahoo.com</email>
	<code>10031947532846001728</code>
	<orcid>10031947532846001728</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran (Second Corresponding Author) </affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


</author_list>


	</article>
</articleset>
</journal>
