en سلامت محیط و کار Environmental and Occupational Health پژوهشي Research Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height:2;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><strong>Background </strong>Musculoskeletal disorders are among the most common occupational health problems in the textile industry. This study investigated the association between physical and psychosocial job demands and musculoskeletal disorders among employees working in textile factories.<br> <strong>Methods</strong> In this cross-sectional study, 201 workers were randomly selected through stratified sampling from 628 employees working in four textile factories located in the Goldasht Industrial Zone. Musculoskeletal symptoms were assessed using the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire, and psychosocial job characteristics were measured using the Job Content Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using path analysis, Spearman correlation coefficient, chi-square test, and independent <i>t</i> test in SPSS version 26. Statistical significance was set at <i>P</i> < 0.05.<br> <strong>Results</strong> The highest prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders was observed in the neck, 69 percent, and knees, 68 percent. The final path analysis model demonstrated that psychological job demands, &beta; = 0.224, supervisor support, &beta; = &minus;0.270, coworker support, &beta; = &minus;0.383, education level, &beta; = 0.214, and job tenure, &beta; = 0.124, had direct effects on neck disorders. In contrast, physical workload, &beta; = 0.027, physical effort, &beta; = 0.070, and decision-making skill, &beta; = 0.027, exerted indirect effects.<br> <strong><span lang="EN-GB">Conclusion</span></strong><span lang="EN-GB"> Psychological job demands were identified as risk factors, whereas supervisor and coworker support functioned as protective factors against neck musculoskeletal disorders. Reducing psychosocial stressors and strengthening workplace social support may help prevent neck musculoskeletal disorders among textile industry workers.</span></span></span></span></div> Musculoskeletal Diseases, Psychosocial Factors, Occupational Diseases, Textile Industry, Social Support 40 47 http://hsm.umsu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-45-5&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Habib Tayebi Khorrami HtKh.tayebi@gmail.com 10031947532846004988 10031947532846004988 No Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Teimour Allahyari allahyarit@yahoo.com 10031947532846004989 10031947532846004989 Yes Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran